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Cell Surface and Functional Features of Cortical Bone Stem Cells
皮質(zhì)骨干細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞表面和功能特征

The newly established mouse cortical-bone-derived stem cells (mCBSCs) are unique stem cells compared to mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs). The mCBSC-treated hearts after myocardial infarction have been reported to have greater improvement in myocardial structure and functions. In this study, we examined the stemness features, cell surface glycan profiles, and paracrine functions of mCBSCs compared with mMSCs. The stemness analysis revealed that the self-renewing capacity of mCBSCs was greater than mMSCs; however, the differentiation capacity of mCBSCs was limited to the chondrogenic lineage among three types of cells (adipocyte, osteoblast, chondrocyte). The cell surface glycan profiles by lectin array analysis revealed that α2-6sialic acid is expressed at very low levels on the cell surface of mCBSCs compared with that on mMSCs. In contrast, the lactosamine (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) structure, poly lactosamine- or poly N-acetylglucosamine structure, and α2-3sialic acid on both N- and O-glycans were more highly expressed in mCBSCs. Moreover, we found that mCBSCs secrete a greater amount of TGF-β1 compared to mMSCs, and that the TGF-β1 contributed to the self-migration of mCBSCs and activation of fibroblasts. Together, these results suggest that unique characteristics in mCBSCs compared to mMSCs may lead to advanced utility of mCBSCs for cardiac and noncardiac repair.

與小鼠間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞 (mMSC) 相比，新建立的小鼠皮質(zhì)骨干細(xì)胞 (mCBSC) 是獨(dú)特的干細(xì)胞。據(jù)報(bào)道，心肌梗塞后 mCBSC 治療的心臟在心肌結(jié)構(gòu)和功能方面有更大的改善。在這項(xiàng)研究中，我們檢查了 mCBSC 與 mMSC 相比的干性特征、細(xì)胞表面聚糖譜和旁分泌功能。干性分析顯示mCBSCs的自我更新能力大于mMSCs；然而，mCBSCs 的分化能力僅限于三種細(xì)胞（脂肪細(xì)胞、成骨細(xì)胞、軟骨細(xì)胞）之間的軟骨細(xì)胞譜系。通過凝集素陣列分析的細(xì)胞表面聚糖譜顯示，與 mMSCs 相比，α2-6 唾液酸在 mCBSCs 細(xì)胞表面的表達(dá)水平非常低。相比之下，N -乙酰氨基葡萄糖結(jié)構(gòu)和N - 和O -聚糖上的 α2-3 唾液酸在 mCBSC 中表達(dá)更高。此外，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)與 mMSCs 相比，mCBSCs 分泌更多的 TGF-β1，并且 TGF-β1 有助于 mCBSCs 的自我遷移和成纖維細(xì)胞的激活。總之，這些結(jié)果表明，與 mMSCs 相比，mCBSCs 的獨(dú)特特征可能導(dǎo)致 mCBSCs 用于心臟和非心臟修復(fù)的高級效用。

5層細(xì)胞工廠

Several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally due to their high morbidity and mortality rates [1]. In the coming decades, the incidence of CVD caused by ischemic CVDs, such as myocardial infarction (MI), is expected to be in upward trend [2]. After MI, myocyte death and the reduction in the number of functional cardiac myocytes ultimately leads to heart failure. Until now, although there is scientific progress and advancements in surgical techniques, drugs and surgical treatments can only delay the progression of chronic heart disease, but not improve the function of infarcted myocardial cells [3]. Therefore, the use of stem cells has emerged as a promising treatment for heart disease [4]. Our research and others suggest that stem cells hold immense potential for cardiac repair and regeneration [5,6,7,8]. Clinical use of adult somatic stem cells (SSCs) is a reality today and many stem cell types, including bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [9], bone marrow cells [10,11], cardiac-derived cardiac progenitor [12], and cardio-sphere-derived cells [13], have been tested. The beneficial effects of tested cell therapies on cardiac structure and function have been modest, and most studies to date have not been adequately powered to document efficacy. The emerging consensus from these studies suggests that the donated stem cell population falls short of fully restoring normal cardiac functional capacity because of a combination of issues, such as poor survival, lack of proliferation, engraftment, and differentiation. In addition, it seems that much of the benefit derived from cell therapy has come from the release of paracrine factors acting on the host myocardium rather than from differentiation of infused/injected stem cells into new cardiac tissue.

血清培養(yǎng)基瓶1000ml

幾種心血管疾病 (CVD) 因其高發(fā)病率和死亡率而成為全球主要的死亡原因 [ 1 ]。在未來幾十年中，由缺血性心血管疾病（如心肌梗塞（MI））引起的心血管疾病的發(fā)病率預(yù)計(jì)呈上升趨勢[ 2 ]。MI 后，心肌細(xì)胞死亡和功能性心肌細(xì)胞數(shù)量減少最終導(dǎo)致心力衰竭。迄今為止，雖然手術(shù)技術(shù)有科學(xué)進(jìn)步和進(jìn)步，但藥物和手術(shù)治療只能延緩慢性心臟病的進(jìn)展，而不能改善梗死心肌細(xì)胞的功能[ 3 ]。因此，干細(xì)胞的使用已成為一種很有前景的心臟病治療方法 [ 4]]。我們的研究和其他人認(rèn)為，干細(xì)胞保持心臟修復(fù)和再生[巨大潛力5，6，7，8 ]。臨床使用成年的成體干細(xì)胞（SSCS）是今天，許多干細(xì)胞類型，包括骨髓來源的間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞（MSC）[現(xiàn)實(shí)9 ]，骨髓細(xì)胞[ 10，11 ]，心臟來源的心肌祖[ 12 ] 和心臟球衍生細(xì)胞 [ 13 ]]，已經(jīng)過測試。經(jīng)過測試的細(xì)胞療法對心臟結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的有益影響不大，而且迄今為止的大多數(shù)研究都沒有足夠的效力來證明療效。這些研究的新共識表明，由于存活率低、缺乏增殖、植入和分化等問題，捐贈的干細(xì)胞群無法完全恢復(fù)正常的心臟功能。此外，細(xì)胞療法的大部分益處似乎來自作用于宿主心肌的旁分泌因子的釋放，而不是來自注入/注射的干細(xì)胞分化為新的心臟組織。